Carmakers have so far avoided passing on much of the cost of tariffs to consumers. They built as many cars as they could before tariffs took effect, and have absorbed some of the cost. Ford expects that retail prices for its vehicles will rise only 1 percent this year, Ms. House said.

Ford Motor Co. said profit will fall as much as 36% this year as President Donald Trump’s tariffs reduce earnings by about $2 billion, more than the automaker previously expected.